My first and probably biggest issue with UV in place of radio waves is that UV would take more energy to produce in power ranges needed for long-range transmission. Secondly, higher energy EM doesn't automatically have greater penetration than lower-frequency light. In fact, it's been found that...
Remember, also, that heat isn't the only issue with lava. It often vents a variety of heavier-than-air sulfur compounds that range in toxicity between mustard gas and oh-my-god-kill-me-now. Anyone who is even near lava would need to hold their breath the entire time or suffer some really...
Historically, small ballistas were regularly used on galleys, actually. They typically threw 15-lb stones. Scorpions (ballistas that fired spears) were also common and usually fired ~36" bolts, sometimes with ropes for the sake of anchoring ships together. Catapults were also used. Additionally...